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Godfrey Harold ("G. H.") Hardy FRS〔 (7 February 1877 – 1 December 1947)〔GRO Register of Deaths: DEC 1947 4a 204 Cambridge – Godfrey H. Hardy, aged 70〕 was an English mathematician, known for his achievements in number theory and mathematical analysis. He is usually known by those outside the field of mathematics for his essay from 1940 on the aesthetics of mathematics, ''A Mathematician's Apology'', which is often considered one of the best insights into the mind of a working mathematician written for the layman. Starting in 1914, he was the mentor of the Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan, a relationship that has become celebrated.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=20TH CENTURY MATHEMATICS – HARDY AND RAMANUJAN )〕 Hardy almost immediately recognised Ramanujan's extraordinary albeit untutored brilliance, and Hardy and Ramanujan became close collaborators. In an interview by Paul Erdős, when Hardy was asked what his greatest contribution to mathematics was, Hardy unhesitatingly replied that it was the discovery of Ramanujan. He called their collaboration "the one romantic incident in my life."〔(THE MAN WHO KNEW INFINITY: A Life of the Genius Ramanujan ). Retrieved 2 December 2010.〕 ==Early life and career== G. H. Hardy was born on 7 February 1877, in Cranleigh, Surrey, England, into a teaching family.〔GRO Register of Births: MAR 1877 2a 147 Hambledon – Godfrey Harold Hardy〕 His father was Bursar and Art Master at Cranleigh School; his mother had been a senior mistress at Lincoln Training College for teachers. Both parents were mathematically inclined. Hardy's own natural affinity for mathematics was perceptible at an early age. When just two years old, he wrote numbers up to millions, and when taken to church he amused himself by factorising the numbers of the hymns.〔Robert Kanigel, ''The Man Who Knew Infinity'', p. 116, Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1991. ISBN 0-684-19259-4.〕 After schooling at Cranleigh, Hardy was awarded a scholarship to Winchester College for his mathematical work. In 1896 he entered Trinity College, Cambridge. After only two years of preparation under his coach, Robert Alfred Herman, Hardy was fourth in the Mathematics Tripos examination. Years later, he sought to abolish the Tripos system, as he felt that it was becoming more an end in itself than a means to an end. While at university, Hardy joined the Cambridge Apostles, an elite, intellectual secret society. As the most important influence Hardy cites the self-study of ''Cours d'analyse de l'École Polytechnique'' by the French mathematician Camille Jordan, through which he became acquainted with the more precise mathematics tradition in continental Europe. In 1900 he passed part II of the tripos and was awarded a fellowship. In 1903 he earned his M.A., which was the highest academic degree at English universities at that time. From 1906 onward he held the position of a lecturer where teaching six hours per week left him time for research. In 1919 he left Cambridge to take the Savilian Chair of Geometry at Oxford in the aftermath of the Bertrand Russell affair during World War I. Hardy spent the academic year 1928–1929 at Princeton in an academic exchange with Oswald Veblen, who spent the year at Oxford.〔 Hardy gave the Josiah Willards Gibbs lecture for 1928.〔(Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectures ). American Mathematical Society〕 Hardy left Oxford and returned to Cambridge in 1931, where he was Sadleirian Professor until 1942. ''The Indian Clerk'' (2007) is a novel by David Leavitt based on Hardy's life at Cambridge, including his discovery of and relationship with Srinivasa Ramanujan. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「G. H. Hardy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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